1.2.1 Ucwaningo Nentuthuko Kwamanye Amazwe
Indima yenqola yangaphansi iwukusekela nokufaka injini kanye nezingxenye zayo ukuze kwakhiwe isimo esiphelele semoto, kanye nokudlulisa amandla okwenza imoto ihambe futhi iqinisekise ukushayela okuvamile.
Emazweni angaphandle, ukuthuthukiswa kwe-crawler-type ehamba nge-undercarriage kwakungaphambili.Kusukela ngo-1986, i-WCEvans kanye ne-DSGove baphothula ucwaningo ngokusebenza kokudonsa kwethrekhi yenjoloba kanye nogandaganda odonsa ngamasondo amane emhlabathini oqinile kanye nomhlaba otshaliwe.Ngaphansi kwesakhiwo esifanayo se-undercariage, ukusebenza kahle kokudonsa kwe-rubber crawler kuphezulu kunalokho kokudonsa okuguquguqukayo.Ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kokudonsa ngama-85% kuya ku-90% emhlabeni olinyiwe nasendaweni eqinile, kanye no-70% kuya ku-85% ogandaganda abadonsa ngamasondo amane.Kusukela lapho, kube nocwaningo oluningi mayelana nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kogandaganda benjoloba kanye nogandaganda abadonsa ngamasondo amane, njengokuhlolwa kokusebenza kogandaganda benjoloba kanye nogandaganda abadonsa ngamasondo amane ezinhlotsheni ezine zenhlabathi (i-oat engalinyiwe, erakiwe, egeziwe. izinhlanga nezibindi zommbila).Ubudlelwano phakathi kokusebenza kokudonsa (i-dynamic traction ratio, traction coefficient kanye ne-slip rate), njll.
Mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwemakethe, ama-crawler tractor akhiqizwa phesheya anokuncintisana okuqinile ngokwezinga lobuchwepheshe namandla okukhiqiza.Isiqhudelana samazwe ngamazwe sogandaganda abakhasa ulayini weCaterpillar wogandaganda bokukhasa benjoloba.Imikhiqizo ye-YTO ayincintisani ngokwezinga lobuchwepheshe noma umthamo wokukhiqiza, intengo kuphela ekhangayo, kodwa kusukela ekuhlaziyweni kwesilinganiso sentengo yokusebenza, imikhiqizo ye-YTO isesesimweni esingesihle.Ngakho-ke, isizukulwane esisha senkampani sogandaganda bokukhasa benjoloba abanamandla aphezulu sizofakwa emakethe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuze kuhlanganiswe imakethe evamile futhi kunikeze umdlalo ngendlela ezuzisa ukuncintisana.
1.2.2 Ucwaningo nentuthuko yasekhaya
izwe lami linomlando omfushane wokukhiqiza i-crawler undercarriage, ngokuyisisekelo efana nokuthuthukiswa kwama-cranes.Uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe athuthukile emhlabeni, inqola yangaphansi ye-crawler yasekhaya inokuqukethwe okuphansi kobuchwepheshe kanye nezinga eliphansi lokulandelanisa, futhi lisekhona igebe elithile ekukhiqizeni nasekuklameni.Eminyakeni yakamuva, ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwama-crawler cranes kulethe amathuba okuthuthukiswa kwe-crawler undercarriage, futhi uchungechunge luthuthukisiwe ngokuqhubekayo.
Ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-20, amanyuvesi asekhaya, izikhungo zocwaningo kanye namabhizinisi enze ucwaningo oluthile ngezimoto ezilandelwa ngenjoloba, njenge: China Agricultural Mechanisation Research Institute kanye neNanjing Agricultural Mechanisation Research Institute endleleni yenjoloba yokuvuna irayisi, iQingdao Institute of Architecture kanye Ubunjiniyela Ucwaningo lokuhlola ingcindezi ephansi yamazinyo aphansi ethrekhi yenjoloba, ucwaningo lwethrekhi yenjoloba kagandaganda olwenziwa yi-China YTO Group Co., Ltd. kanye nocwaningo lwethrekhi yenjoloba olwenziwa yi-Hangzhou Yonggu Rubber Factory, njll. okulandelayo kwethula ikakhulukazi ucwaningo ngogandaganda bomzila wenjoloba.Ngo-1994, i-China YTO Group Co., Ltd. yenza uhlolo lokuqhathanisa isebenzisa isiseshi sensimbi nesigaxa serabha kugandaganda odonsayo onesilinganiso sokudonsa esingu-3 t, futhi ukuhlolwa kwenziwa endaweni elahlekile.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-undercarriage efanele nayo ithuthukile ngezinga elithile.Kusukela lapho, i-YTO iphinde yenza izivivinyo zokusebenzisa ogandaganda namagandaganda kusetshenziswa amathrekhi enjoloba.Ikakhulukazi isivivinyo sokumelana nokugqokwa kwethrekhi yenjoloba, ukuhlolwa kokujikijelwa kwethrekhi yenjoloba, ukuhlolwa kwempilo yethrekhi yenjoloba, ukuhlolwa kokwethembeka kwethrekhi yenjoloba enezakhiwo ezihlukene, ukuhlolwa kokwelulwa kwethrekhi yenjoloba kanye nomsebenzi ojwayelekile. ukuqinisekiswa.
Ogandaganda be-Crawler kanye nemikhiqizo ekhubazekile emakethe yasekhaya isabuswa yimikhiqizo ye-YTO.Ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo enjalo kusesimweni sokuguquguquka ngenxa yethonya lezinqubomgomo kazwelonke zomnotho omkhulu.Noma njengokuhlukile kwemishini yokwakha, ukudonsa noma amandla okushayela omsebenzi wasepulazini, noma njengenqola ehambayo yemishini yezolimo, imisebenzi yayo ayinakushintshwa ngokuphelele ngogandaganda abanamasondo.Kodwa-ke, kuthintwa izinqubomgomo zikazwelonke kanye nokuthuthukiswa kogandaganda abanamasondo anamandla amakhulu, kuzoba sesimweni sokungenzi lutho emqhudelwaneni wezimakethe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Ngamafuphi, indlela yokuthuthukiswa kwenqola yangaphansi ehambisana nesiseshi, njengendlela esebenzayo yemishini ehlobene, ihlezi izungeza ukuthuthukiswa kokuphepha nokuthembeka, ukunethezeka kokusebenza, ukuvikelwa kwemvelo nokonga amandla.Mayelana nalokhu, imizamo yasekhaya neyangaphandle ibilokhu ithuthuka.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-29-2022
