I-crawler hydraulic excavator ingumshini onyakazisa umhlaba osebenzisa ibhakede ukumba izinto ngenhla noma ngaphansi kwendawo yokuthwala bese uyilayisha emotweni yokuthutha noma uyithulule esitokisini.Izinto ezimbiwe ikakhulukazi inhlabathi, amalahle, udaka, inhlabathi namatshe ngemva kokuxegiswa kwe-pr.
Uma sibheka ukuthuthukiswa kwemishini yokwakha eminyakeni yamuva, ukuthuthukiswa kwama-excavators kuyashesha.Njengenye yamamodeli emishini yokwakha ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kobunjiniyela, ukukhetha okulungile kwama-excavators kubaluleke kakhulu.Imishini ekhethekile kanye nemishini esetshenziswa kabanzi ezimayini nasekwakhiweni kwasemadolobheni nasezindaweni zasemakhaya ngokusebenza okuthuthukile kanye nobuchwepheshe obuyingqayizivele.
Igama lesiShayina: I-Crawler hydraulic excavator
Igama langaphandle: imishini yokumba
Ukusetshenziswa: izimayini kanye nokwakhiwa emadolobheni nasezindaweni zasemakhaya
Isingeniso: Ukumba nokugcwalisa impahla ngebhakede
Sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kuka-130 kwaphuma i-excavator yezandla yokuqala.Ngalesi sikhathi, iye yabhekana nokuthuthuka kancane kancane ukusuka emigodini ejikelezayo yebhakede eqhutshwa umusi iye kuma-rotary aqhutshwa ngogesi nangaphakathi, kanye nezimbiwa ze-hydraulic ezizenzakalelayo zisebenzisa i-electroencephalographic.ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanganisa.inqubo.
Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-hydraulic, bekune-excavator egingqiwe efakwe i-hydraulic backhoe kugandaganda ngeminyaka yawo-1940.Ekuqaleni namaphakathi nawo-1950s, i-azimuth hydraulic excavator elandelwayo kanye ne-crawler full hydraulic excavator yathuthukiswa ngokulandelana..
I-excavator ye-hydraulic ekhiqizwe okokuqala ngovivinyo yamukela ubuchwepheshe be-hydraulic yezindiza kanye namathuluzi omshini, ayinazo izingxenye ze-hydraulic ezifanele izimo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene ze-excavator, ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza ayizinzile ngokwanele, futhi izingxenye ezisekelayo aziphelele.
Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1960s, abavubukuli be-hydraulic bangene esigabeni sokukhushulwa kanye nentuthuko enamandla.Inani labakhiqizi be-excavator nezinhlobonhlobo emazweni ahlukahlukene liye landa ngokushesha, futhi ukukhishwa kuye kwanda.
Kusukela ngo-1968 kuya ku-1970, ukukhishwa kwama-hydraulic excavators kubalwe ku-83% wesamba esiphelele se-excavators, futhi manje sekusondele ku-100%.
I-excavator ekuqaleni yayibhalwe ngesandla, futhi sekuyiminyaka engaphezu kwe-130 yasungulwa, futhi isihlangabezane nezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokushayela ezifana ne-steam drive, i-electric drive, kanye ne-internal combustion engine drive.
Ngemuva kweminyaka yawo-1940, ubuchwepheshe be-hydraulic basetshenziswa kubambi, futhi ngawo-1950, ama-crawler-type full-hydraulic excavators avamile namuhla athuthukiswa.
Imingcele emithathu ebaluleke kakhulu yama-excavators: isisindo semoto (isisindo), amandla enjini kanye nomthamo webhakede.
Ngo-1951, i-backhoe yokuqala ye-hydraulic ngokugcwele yethulwa eMcClainifektri eFrance, ngaleyo ndlela idala indawo entsha emkhakheni wokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bama-excavators.
akha
Izakhiwo ezijwayelekile zokumba zihlanganisa amayunithi kagesi, izinto zokusebenza, izindlela zokubulala, izindlela zokukhohlisa, izindlela zokudlulisa, izindlela zokuhamba kanye nezinsiza ezisizayo.
Kusukela ekubukeni kwayo, i-excavator yakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu: idivayisi esebenzayo, i-turntable ephezulu kanye nomshini wokuhamba.
Ukwahlukanisa
Okulandelayo ukuhlukaniswa kwama-excavators ajwayelekile:
Isigaba 1: Ama-excavators ajwayelekile ahlukaniswe abe izinhlobo ezimbili: ama-excavators aqhutshwa yinjini evuthayo yangaphakathi kanye nama-excavators aqhutshwa ngogesi.Phakathi kwazo, ama-excavators kagesi asetshenziswa kakhulu e-plateau hypoxia, izimayini ezingaphansi komhlaba nezinye izindawo ezivuthayo neziqhumane.
Isigaba sesi-2: Ngokwezindlela zokuhamba ezihlukene, ama-excavators angahlukaniswa abe ama-crawler excavators kanye nama-excavators anamasondo.
Isigaba sesi-3: Ngokwezindlela ezihlukene zokudlulisa, ama-excavators angahlukaniswa abe ama-hydraulic excavators kanye nama-excavators emishini.Ama-excavators emishini asetshenziswa kakhulu kwezinye izimayini ezinkulu.
Isigaba sesi-4: Ngokusetshenziswa, ama-excavators angahlukaniswa abe ama-excavators ajwayelekile, ama-excavators asezimayini, ama-excavators olwandle, ama-excavators akhethekile nezinye izigaba ezahlukene.
Iningi labavubukuli banamuhla bangama-hydraulic azimuth abemba ngokugcwele.I-Caterpillar 385B Excavator
Ama-hydraulic excavators akhiwe ngokuyinhloko injini, isistimu ye-hydraulic, idivayisi yokusebenza, idivayisi yokuhamba kanye nokulawula ugesi.Uhlelo lwe-hydraulic luqukethe ipompo ye-hydraulic, i-valve yokulawula, i-hydraulic cylinder, i-hydraulic motor, ipayipi, ithangi likaphethiloli, njll. Uhlelo lokulawula ugesi luhlanganisa iphaneli yokuqapha, uhlelo lokulawula injini, uhlelo lokulawula iphampu, izinzwa ezihlukahlukene, ama-solenoid valves, njll.
Ngokuya ngesakhiwo nokusetshenziswa kwayo, ingahlukaniswa ibe:
Uhlobo lwe-crawler, uhlobo lwesondo, uhlobo lokuhamba, i-hydraulic egcwele, i-semi-hydraulic, i-azimuth, i-non-azimuth, ejwayelekile, ekhethekile, echazwe, i-telescopic boom nezinye izinhlobo.
Idivayisi esebenzayo iyisisetshenziswa esiqeda ngqo umsebenzi wokumba.Incike ezingxenyeni ezintathu: i-boom, induku kanye nebhakede.I-Boom lift, isandiso senduku nokuzungezisa ibhakede kulawulwa ngamasilinda asebenza kabili asebenza kabili.
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yokwakha, ama-hydraulic excavators angahlonyiswa ngezinhlobonhlobo zemishini yokusebenza, njengokumba, ukuphakamisa, ukulayisha, ukulinganisa, ama-clamp, ama-bulldozing, izando zomthelela namanye amathuluzi okusebenza.
Idivayisi yokubulala neyokuhamba iwumzimba we-hydraulic excavator, futhi ingxenye engaphezulu ye-turntable inikezwa idivayisi yamandla kanye nesistimu yokudlulisela.Injini ingumthombo wamandla we-hydraulic excavator, iningi lawo elisebenzisa uwoyela wedizili endaweni ekahle, futhi lingasebenzisa nenjini kagesi esikhundleni salokho.
I-hydraulic transmission system idlulisela amandla enjini ku-hydraulic motor, hydraulic cylinder namanye ama-actuator ngepompo ye-hydraulic, bese iphusha idivayisi esebenzayo ukuze ihambe, ngaleyo ndlela iqedele imisebenzi ehlukahlukene.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-29-2022
