I-Excavator, abantu abaningi bayibonile, kodwa i-excavatorlapha aboutcokwamanje ikhethekile kakhulu.Yinkulu kakhulu, ubude bayo bungamamitha angama-23.5.Uyini umqondo?Kungashiwo ukuthi iseduze nesidalwa esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.Ubude bomkhomo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka omdala bunamandla kakhulu, futhi ungakwazi ukumba amathani angaphezu kuka-50 wamalahle ngebhakede.Konke ukukhiqizwa nobuchwepheshe bale hunk emangalisayo yiChina.
Ngomhla zi-2 kuMbasa, i-China Mechanical Excavator's 700-ton hydraulic excavator yaphuma ngempumelelo emgqeni wokuhlanganisa.Isisindo salo mdondoshiya silingana nezimoto ezijwayelekile ezingu-500, kanti amandla adlula awamathangi empi amakhulu ohlobo lwe-99.Abantu abayi-100 bangama ebhakedeni ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi lapho ibhakede lishona phansi, kungambiwa amathani angaphezu kuka-50 amalahle.
I-China Construction Machinery's 700-ton hydraulic hydraulic excavator iyi-excavator yamathani amakhulu kunawo wonke ethuthukiswe yi-China.Kule mikhakha yemishini esezingeni eliphezulu, imishini yamaShayina izoqhudelana ubuso nobuso nezingcweti ezisezingeni lomhlaba.
Akukhona nje kuphela ukubukeka okude okukhanga amehlo, kodwa "incazelo" yale "nsizwa enkulu" iyathandeka nakakhulu.Kusukela ezingxenyeni ezithile kuya ezinhlelweni zokusebenza, inamalungelo obunikazi azimele angama-52, okungokokuqala ukuthi i-China ibone ukusetshenziswa okuphakathi kobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko emkhakheni wezimbambi ezinkulu zama-hydraulic.I-China isibe yizwe lesine emhlabeni elinamandla okuthuthukisa nokwenza izinto zokumba ama-hydraulic ezinamandla angaphezu kwamathani angama-700 ngemuva kweJalimane, iJapan kanye ne-United States, ephule ukubusa kwemikhiqizo yangaphandle.
Ngokwezidingo zokuklama, le “ndoda enkulu” kufanele iqinisekise okungenani amahora angu-60,000 esikhathi sokusebenza esiphephile lapho isebenza emayini, futhi okungenani amathani angu-30,000 ezinto zokwakha adinga ukumbiwa nsuku zonke.Ukuze kuzuzwe izinga elinjalo, izidingo zokuklama nezokukhiqiza ze-excavator chassis ziphezulu kakhulu.Uma izinkampani zakwamanye amazwe zikunikeza, kuzoba okungenani ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyi-15.Njengoba ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo buye baphathwa yizinkampani ezinkulu zamazwe ngamazwe isikhathi eside, kuyafundwa ukuthi izinkampani zaseShayina nazo zidinga ukuthuthukisa ezinkulu kakhulu Ngemva kwe-tonnage yabavubukuli, abahlinzeki bangaphandle abazimisele ukunikeza i-chassis yabo e-China nhlobo.
Abasebenzi bethu be-R&D banquma ukwenza i-chassis bebodwa, futhi kwathatha iminyaka emihlanu ekugcineni ukuyinqoba le nkinga, ukugcwalisa igebe ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezimbiwa ezinkulu zama-hydraulic e-China.
Ngaphezu kwezingxenye ezinkulu ezifana "namasondo amane nebhande elilodwa", njengengxenye eyinhloko, enye ingxenye eyinhloko esetshenziswe kulo mshini we-hydraulic excavator we-700-ton, i-cylinder ye-hydraulic nayo ithuthukiswe ngokuzimela futhi ikhiqizwa ezweni lami.
Uma i-excavator iqhathaniswa nomuntu, khona-ke i-boom, induku kanye nebhakede yizingalo nezandla ze-excavator, futhi isilinda se-hydraulic silingana nemisipha engalweni nasesandleni somuntu.Amandla nokusebenza kahle kwe-excavator kubaluleke kakhulu.Ubukhulu buncike kusilinda samanzi.Ukuthuthukiswa okuyimpumelelo kwe-700-ton hydraulic excavator hydraulic cylinder akugcinanga ngokuphula ngempumelelo i-monopoly, kodwa futhi kwehlisa ngokushesha intengo emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe.
Ngokusho kokungeniswa kwangaphambilini kwamathani angama-700 wamasilinda, isethi idinga ama-yuan ayizigidi ezi-3, manje uma ukungenisa okuhlanzekile, kuncishiswe cishe ngo-30%, cishe izigidi ezimbili kuya ku-2.1 million yuan.
Iphrojekthi eqinile yezimboni, okungenye yamaphrojekthi amakhulu amahlanu e-Made in China 2025, idinga ngokusobala ukuthi ngo-2020, ama-40% ezingxenye eziyisisekelo eziyisisekelo kanye nezinto ezibalulekile eziyisisekelo zizoqinisekiswa ngokuzimela, futhi isimo sokuthobela abanye sizobe siqinisekiswa. kancane kancane kuncishiswe.Izinqubo ezithuthukisiwe zokukhiqiza zezingxenye eziyisisekelo eziyisisekelo, izingxenye kanye nezinto ezibalulekile ezibalulekile ezidingeka ngokushesha emishinini yasemkhathini, okokusebenza kwezokuxhumana, ukuphehla ugesi kanye nemishini yokudlulisa, imishini yokwakha, izinto zokuhamba zikaloliwe, izinto zasendlini kanye nezinye izimboni ziye zaduma futhi zasetshenziswa.
Ngo-2025, u-70% wezingxenye eziyisisekelo eziyisisekelo nezinto ezibalulekile eziyisisekelo zizoqinisekiswa ngokuzimela, futhi ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obuyisithonjana obungama-80 buzothuthukiswa futhi busetshenziswe, obunye buzofinyelela ezingeni elihamba phambili lamazwe ngamazwe.
Abasebenzi bocwaningo nentuthuko yemishini yaseShayina bakholelwa ngazwi linye ukuthi uma ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo bemishini yezimboni esindayo butholakala kwamanye amazwe, ngeke butholakale.Kumele siqonde le nto ewumgogodla, okumele yenziwe yithina kanye nocwaningo oluzimele kanye nentuthuko, ngakho-ke siqala ezintweni ezibonakalayo, futhi ukukhiqizwa nobuchwepheshe kufanele kuthuthukiswe.Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-excavatori-sprocket, i-roller yenkampani, ongenzi lutho, Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza be ukulandelela isixhumanisi assy, izicathulo zethrekhi,ithrekhiamarola neminye imikhiqizo kufanele icwengwe, futhi ubuciko bale mikhiqizo kufanele bube buhle kakhulu.Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi luvela kunqubo yokulingisa noma inqubo yokubumba, ucwaningo olukhethekile kanye nezinqubo zokulandelela kufanele ziqiniswe.Ukuhlolwa kwezinto zokusebenza nobungcweti ngeke kukhawulelwe amazwe angaphandle kuze kube yilapho senza lo mkhiqizo.
Ukuma kwemishini yokwakha yaseShayina ukusuka endaweni ephansi iye kwephezulu.Lapho sifinyelela umgomo wezinga eliphezulu, kufanele sidabule inkinga yobuchwepheshe futhi sizuze ukuqamba okusha okuzimele ukuze sifeze izinhloso zethu.
Izibalo zibonisa ukuthi esikhathini eside esidlule, izindleko zokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe zezingxenye ezibalulekile njengezinjini, amasistimu okuhambisa amanzi, izingxenye ezisebenza ngogesi, kanye nezingxenye zokulawula zaziba ngaphezu kuka-40% wezindleko zokukhiqiza, futhi cishe u-70% wenzuzo yemboni wawuyinzuzo. ezithathwe ngabatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe.Imboni yemishini yokwakha ihlushwa isisekelo sezimboni esintekenteke sezingxenye eziyinhloko ezisezingeni eliphezulu, ezingachazwa ngokuthi “njengokulunywa emphinjeni”.Nokho, ngemva kwamashumi eminyaka yokuqongelela kanye nemizamo engapheli, lesi simo siyashintsha.
Njengamanje, yonke imikhiqizo esekelayo yabavubukuli bemishini yaseShayina nogandaganda ithunyelwe emazweni nasezifundeni eziyi-158 emhlabeni, futhi sekusungulwe ama-ejenti aphesheya kwezilwandle angaphezu kuka-280 emhlabeni jikelele.Ngo-2017, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwemikhiqizo ehlobene ne-excavator eduze kwe“Ibhande kanye Nomgwaqo”inyuke kakhulu, ngokunyuka kwe-51% e-Asia Ephakathi, i-119% e-Afrika, i-107% eNtshonalanga ye-Asia naseNyakatho Afrika, kanye nokwanda kwe-80% ngonyaka e-Asia Pacific.
I-China Machinery izuza amakhasimende amaningi nakakhulu.Noma nini lapho inkampani yaseShayina iphula umthetho wokubusa futhi inqoba imodeli yemishini, intengo yayo yonke imboni izoba noshintsho olukhulu.
Imishini yamaShayina izuza amakhasimende amaningi.Ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho izinkampani zaseShayina ziphula i-monopoly futhi zinqoba imodeli yemishini, kuzoba noshintsho olukhulu emananini ayo yonke imboni.
Imboni yemishini yokwakha injena.Uma nje i-tonnage ingakhiqizwa e-China, intengo yangaphandle iphezulu kakhulu.Ngesikhathi singenawo amathani angu-300, ama-cranes avela kwamanye amazwe adayise izigidi ezingu-23.Ngemva kokuphuma kwamathani angu-300, sadayisa izigidi ezingu-13.Ngaleso sikhathi, ama-cranes avela kwamanye amazwe adayiswa ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-15, izigidi ezingu-23 kuya ku-15 million, kanti ezingu-8 million zazingasekho.Intengo yase-United States, Germany noma Japan yehla ngokushesha.
Eqinisweni, ukutshalwa kwezimali kwemishini yamaShayina abasebenzi be-R&D emkhakheni wocwaningo nentuthuko bekukhula ngokuqhubekayo, kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kwaminyaka yonke ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kuzinzile ngaphezu kuka-5% wemali engenayo yokuthengisa.Njengamanje, umkhakha wocwaningo usuhlanganise izici ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili njengobuchwepheshe be-hydraulic, ubuchwepheshe bokudlulisa, ubuchwepheshe bokulawula okuhlakaniphile, ubuchwepheshe bomshini obuphelele, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuklama kwezimboni.Kodwa-ke, kusenendlela ende okufanele ihanjwe ukuze imishini yokwakha yaseShayina iqhudelane nemikhiqizo yamazwe ngamazwe ngendlela eyindilinga.
Imboni yokukhiqiza yaseShayina manje isisenkingeni eyinhloko kanye nendawo eyinhloko, okungukuthi, isithiyo ukusuka kokukhulu kuye kwabanamandla.Kufanele sibe neyethu imiqondo ehluzekile, futhi akufanele sibe nethemba ngokuphuphutheka mayelana nezimpumelelo nezisekelo esizizuzile esikhathini esidlule.Akumele silithathe kancane igebe esinalo njengamanje.Mayelana nokuqamba okusha okuzimele, ukutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, kanye nempumelelo kubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo. Ukubhekwa kwesigamu sehora: ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo abukwazi ukuthengwa
NgoDisemba 2017, abaholi baseShayina bake baveza ukuthi imboni yokukhiqiza imishini iwumgogodla wemboni yokukhiqiza.Kuyadingeka ukukhulisa utshalomali, ukuqinisa ucwaningo nentuthuko, nokusheshisa intuthuko, ngilwele ukuthatha izindawo eziphakeme zomhlaba, nokulawula ilungelo lokukhuluma kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuze izwe lami libe yizwe elikhulu embonini yesimanje yokukhiqiza imishini. ..Ukuqamba okusha kuwumthombo wokuncintisana okuyinhloko kwebhizinisi, futhi ubuchwepheshe obuningi obuyisisekelo abunakufunwa noma buthengwe.
Imishini emikhulu yezimayini yemigodi evulekile iyingxenye eyinhloko "yegugu lomqhele" wemboni yemishini ephezulu, emele izinga eliphezulu lobuchwepheshe embonini.Ngemva kweminyaka eminingi yokusungula izinto ezintsha, imishini yezimayini emikhulu yezwe lami evulekile isifinyelele ezingeni eliphezulu emhlabeni.Ukuze senze imishini yokwakha yaseShayina ithathe indawo ephakeme yomhlaba wonke futhi ilawule amandla ezinkulumo zobuchwepheshe, sisadinga ukwenza imizamo emikhulu.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-08-2022
