Ukukhuluma nge-hydraulic excavator kanye nezingxenye ze-undercarriage

I-hydraulic excavator iwuhlobo lwemishini yokwakha esetshenziswa kabanzi, esebenzayo ekwakhiweni kwemigwaqo, ukwakhiwa kwamabhuloho, ukwakhiwa kwezindlu, ukongiwa kwamanzi asemakhaya, ukuthuthukiswa komhlaba kanye neminye imikhakha.Ingabonakala yonke indawo ekwakhiweni kwezikhumulo zezindiza, amachweba, izitimela, izizinda zikawoyela, imigwaqo emikhulu, izimayini namadamu.

Abasebenzi abaningi be-excavator bafunda i-excavator kubaphathi babo.Banekhono kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwe-excavator, kodwa abazi okuningi mayelana nesakhiwo kanye nezimiso ze-excavator.Uchungechunge lwezihloko zolwazi, ingqikithi yezigaba ezi-5, luzochaza ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwabavubukuli kusukela ezicini zokuhlukaniswa kwe-excavator, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-chassis, ukuhlanganiswa kwedivayisi esebenzayo, ukuhlanganiswa kwepulatifomu ephezulu, ulwazi oluyisisekelo lwe-hydraulic, njll.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-excavators

1. Ngokwendlela yokusebenza: i-excavator yebhakede elilodwa kanye ne-excavator yamabhakede amaningi, i-excavator evamile i-excavator yebhakede elilodwa, izimayini ezinkulu kuphela ezisebenzisa i-excavator ye-bucket-wheel, maningi amabhakede, nokusebenza kwe-rotary.

Okuvamile i-excavator yebhakede elilodwa (Carter 320D)

I-multi-bucket excavator yezimayini ezinkulu

2. Ngokwemodi yokushayela: idrayivu yenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi, idrayivu kagesi, i-compound drive (hybrid)

Ivamise ukushayelwa injini yomlilo yangaphakathi (injini yedizili)

Ukumba ifosholo likagesi (i-excavator yefosholo yangaphambili)

3. Ngokwendlela yokuhamba: uhlobo lwe-crawler kanye nohlobo lwesondo

4. Ngokusho kwensiza yokusebenza: ifosholo langaphambili negeja elingemuva

2. Isingeniso sesakhiwo se-excavaor

Amagama ezingxenye ze-excavator

Wonke umshini ungahlukaniswa ube izingxenye ezintathu ngokwesakhiwo: ukuhlanganiswa kwe-chassis, ukuhlanganiswa kwedivayisi esebenzayo, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kweplatifomu ephezulu.

Ukwakhiwa kanye nomsebenzi womhlangano we-chassis:

1. Sekela isisindo sengxenye engenhla ye-excavator.

2. Umthombo wamandla ne-actuator yokuhamba nokuqondisa.

3. Sekela amandla okusabela ensiza esebenzayo ngesikhathi sokumba.

Izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-chassis:

1. Umzimba wohlaka oluphansi (izingxenye zokushisela),

2. Amasondo amane nebhande elilodwa (amasondo aqondisayo, amasondo okushayela, ama-sprockets asekelayo, ama-roller, ama-crawlers).

3. I-Dozer blade nesilinda.

4. I-Central rotary joint.

5. Indandatho yomjaho ojikelezayo (i-slewing bear).

6. Isinciphisi sokuhamba kanye nemoto.

Ukubuka okugqamile kwezingxenye eziyinhloko zokuhlanganisa i-chassis

Ukwakheka nokusebenza kohlaka: Umzimba wohlaka (izingxenye zokushisela) —– indikimba eyinhloko ye-chassis yonke, enawo wonke amandla angaphakathi nangaphandle kanye nezikhathi ezihlukahlukene, izimo zokusebenza zinzima kakhulu, futhi izidingo zezingxenye ziphezulu.Kunezidingo ezithile zokufana kwemishayo yesokunxele nesokudla, ngaphandle kwalokho amandla amakhulu aseceleni azokwenzeka, angeke athandeke ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo.

4~Amasondo amane kanye nebhande elilodwa, usekelo lokuhlaba

Isondo lomhlahlandlela kanye nomshini wokudonsa amandla: Isondo lomhlahlandlela kanye

idivayisi yokucindezela: qondisa isiqondiso sokunyakaza kwethrekhi, lungisa izinga lokushuba kwethrekhi, futhi unciphise ukumelana.

IDLER kanye nedivayisi ecindezelayo

Ama-sprocket enkampani yenethiwekhi namarola okulandelela: Ama-sprocket enkampani yenethiwekhi adlala indima yokusekela ithrekhi.Amarola adlala indima yokusekela isisindo

I-roller yenkampani yenethiwekhi kanye nama-roller okulandelela

Lesi sakhiwo siyisakhiwo esingenasondlo, ngaphandle kokwengeza amafutha.

Isakhiwo se-sprocket esisekelayo kanye nesondo elisekelayo labavubukuli abakhulu kuhluke kancane, kodwa isimiso siyefana.

I-Sprocket : ishayela wonke umshini ukuthi uhambe futhi ujike

Landa isixhumanisi se-Assy

I-Slewing bear

—-Xhuma imoto engenhla nephansi, ukuze imoto engaphezulu ikwazi ukuzungeza imoto engezansi futhi ithwale umzuzu wokugingqika ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Ama-roller (amabhola) endandeni ye-orbital adinga ukugcotshwa njalo, futhi kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokwengeza ibhotela ohlangothini nokwengeza ibhotela kusuka phezulu.

I-motor ehambayo + i-reducer: nikeza amandla anamandla (i-torque) ukushayela ibhande le-sprocket ne-crawler, ukuze i-excavator iqedele izenzo zokuhamba nokuqondisa.